Yes, as of 2023, China has the largest population of any country in the world. According to data from the World Bank, China's population was estimated to be around 1.4 billion people in 2021, which is about 18% of the world's total population.

It's worth noting that India is a close second, with a population of around 1.36 billion people in 2021. However, recent projections suggest that India may surpass China in terms of population within the next few years.

Other countries with large populations include the United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Brazil, but their populations are significantly smaller compared to China and India.